Apparatus for cleaning gases



J1me 1931. A. STE I NBART APPARATUS FOR CLEANING GASES Filed Dec. 28, 1 29 means whereb Patented June 23, 1931 PATENT OFFICE ALFRED STEINZBABT, OF PITTSBURGH, PENNSYLVANIA APPARATUS FOR CLEANING GASES Application filed December 28, 1928. Serial No. 417,247.

My invention relates to cleaning ases containing impurities in the form of nely divided solids or liquids and, while not limited thereto, more particularly relates to 5 blast furnace gases containing considerable uantities of finely divided solids carried t erein in suspension.

One object of this invention is the provision in gas cleaning apparatus of novel a rapid whirling motion is imparted to t e traveling column of gases in bein cleaned and the whirling column of gases thereby separated into a central core of substantially clean gases and asurroundin annular layer or layers of impurity la en gases.

Another object of this invention is the provision in as cleaning apparatus of novel means where y the speed of the whirling motion ma be changed to .obtain sufiicient cleaning 0 the gas with the least lossof pressure of the gas in the apparatus.

Another object of the invention is the provision of gas cleaning apparatus of suflicient stren h to withstand high pressure of the as, ue to explosions and slips of the blast rnace. p

A further object of this invention is the provision of a paratus whereby the central core of cleane gases is conducted from the apparatus through a taper nozzle, the opening of which is smaller than the discharge pipe and permits collecting of the cleanest gas withthe lowest pressure loss. a

A still further object of the invention is the provision of gas cleaning apparatus having the novel constructions, arrangements,

and combination of parts shown in the draw- I ings, to be described in detail hereinafter, and to be particularly pointed out in the appended claims;

Referring to the drawings Figure 1 is a vertical sect1onal elevat1on through a gas cleaner constructed in accordance with this invention.

Figure 2 is a plan view thereof.

Figure 3 isa sectional view taken on the line IIIIII of Figure 1. y

Figure 4 is a fragm'entar sectional view taken on the line lV-IV 0 Figure 2.

Figure 5 is a vertical elevation showing a modified form of gas inlet to the cleaner.

In the accompanlving drawin the numeral 1 designates t e metal she of the gas cleaning chamber 2, which shell has a frustoconical lower end 3 forming an impurity or dust receiving hopper and a frusto-conical upper end 4. Below the frusto-conical upper end there is a horizontal partition 5. A gas main 6, coming from the blast furnace, conducts the gas to a cylindrical as supply box 7, the axis of which is para lel {)0 t 2e metal shell 1 of the gas cleaning chamer The gas supply box is connected by a gas inlet duct 8 with the metal shell of the gas cleanin chamber. This gas inlet duct is tangentially arranged in relation to the gas cleaning chamber 1n order to give the ases a rapid swirling movement in the gas c eaning chamber.

The gas inlet is provided with a number of partitions or webs 9. These separate the gas inlet into different channels 10 and also serve to strengthen the gas inlet to withstand the pressure of the gas, due to explosions and slips in the blast furnace. A

rick wall 11 may be inserted in an of these channels to increase the speed 0 the gas through the other channels if this should be desired. The greater the speed of the gas through these channels the better will be the cleaning of the gas; but the greater speed is obtained at the expense of a greater pressure loss in the cleaning apparatus. Because there is only a certain pressure loss of the gas permissible, therefore, it is important to be able to regulate the speed of the gas in the inlet duct.

Any means to close these channels may be employed but I prefer a brick wall; its erection and removal is easily accomplished through manhole 12 and the wall is not sub ject to the cutting action of the impurities in the gas.

Heretofore, it has been customary in building centrifugal cleaning apparatus to flatten out'the gas inlet main to form a tangential inlet of large height and narrow width to the cleaning chamber. This construction was very weak and the tangential inlet and the adjoining part of the cleaning chamber were destroyed through explosions and slips in the blast furnace.

By inserting the tangential inlet duct 8 between the cylindrical gas supply box 7 and the cylindrical cleanin chamber 2, as shown, the webs 9 in ithe inlet duct carry the circumferential-stresses in the shell of the inlet box and the shell of the gas cleaning chamber across the long openings in these shells at inlet duct. The apparatus constructed in this manner can withstand large pressure from explosions and slips in the blast furnace.

A horizontal disk 13 is secured by braces 14 in the center of the cleaning chamber near the lower end in order to prevent the suction of the vortex in the cleaning chamber from interfering with the removal of the dust through the dust outlet 15.

An outlet pipe 16 for the cleaned gases extends vertically into the cleaning chamber and is provided with a taper nozzle 17 which has an opening 18 at the lower end. This opening is of smaller diameter than the outlet pipe 16. The nozzel permits the use of a small openin without causing an undue pressure loss and the small opening is desirable because it removes the gas near the center of the cleaning chamber only, which gas is the cleanest gas in the chamber.

In the modification shown in Figure 5, the gas is brought into the gas supply box 7 by a gas pipe 6 from above while the dotted lines show the gas supply pipe 6} entering the gas supply box from below.

In the operation of my improved gas cleaning apparatus, the gases to be cleaned are conducted in the gas pi e 6 to the supply box 7 and enter through t e tangential gas inlet duct 8 into the cleaning chamber 2. This tangential inlet imparts a rapid whirling motion to the entering gasses which pass downwardly in the cleanin chamber to the level of the disk 13. n traveling through the cleaning chamber the finely divided rim urities will be thrown outwardly by centri ugal force and the impurities caused to segregate in an annular ring at the surface of the outer shell and form an annular outer layer of gases densely laden with impurities and inner annular layers of cleaner gases; the dust content ofthe layers diminishes toward the center of the cleaning chamber where there is a rapidly revolving vortex of substantially clean gasses. The impurities in the whirling, heavily laden, outer layers of the gases will gradually pass downwardly by gravity and will settle in the conical chamber below the disk 13, from where they are removed through the dust outlet 15.

The clean gases in the vortex move upwardly from the disk 13 and pass through the opening 18. into the nozzle 17 and leave the apparatus through the outlet pipe 16. The taper of the nezzle serves to regain part of the energy of the revolvi'n gases and reduces the pressure loss caused y the opening 18 which is made of small diameter in or er to allow only the clean gases in the vortex to pass from the cleaning chamber.

The advantages of my invention, which will be appreciated by those skilled in the art, arise from the peculiar combination and arrangement of parts where the gases are effectively cleaned and the impurities removed, and where the apparatus is of such strength to withstand the pressure of explosions and slips in the blast furnace.

Many modifications in the construction and arrangement of the parts of the apparatus may be made without departing from myinvention, as defined in the appended claims.

I claim-- 1. An apparatus for cleanin gases comprising a lengthwise vertical cy 'ndrical gas cleaning chamber having a lengthwise vertical inlet opening adjacent its upper end, a lengthwise vertical cylindrical gas supply box having a lengthwise vertical outlet opening, a duct connecting said opening in said gas supply box with said inlet opening in said chamber, said duct being arranged tangentially so as to impart a whirlin motion to the gases passing through said uct and into said chamber, horizontal webs extending from side to side within said duct to reenforce the duct and form a plurality of separate channels in said duct, selected ones of said channels being adapted to be obstructed to increase the speed of the gas flowing through the other of said channels, a clean gas conduit communicating withthe upper end of said chamber, a downwardly tapering nozzle connected to' said clean conduit and extending downwardly wit said chamber, said nozzle having an .inlet opening of materiall smaller diameter than the diameter of sai clean gas conduit, an impurity discharge opening at the lower end of said chamber, a horizontal disk of materially less diameter than the diameter of said chamber mounted within said chamber above said impurity discharge opening to prevent the suction of the whirlin gases reaching the impurities deposited in said chamber.

2. An apparatus for cleaning gases comprising a lengthwise vertical cylindrical gas cleanin chamber having a lengthwise vertical in et 0 ening adjacent its upper end, a

gas supply ox having a lengthwise vertical outlet opening, a duct connecting said 0 ning said gas su ply box with said inlet opemng in said 0 amber, said duct being arranged tangentially so as to impart a whirhng motion to the gases passing through said duct and into said chamber, a clean gas conduit communicating with the upper end of said chamber, a downwardly tapering nozzle connected to said clean gas conduit and extending downwardly within said chamber, said nozzle having an inlet opening of materiall smaller diameter than the diameter of sai clean gas conduit, an impurity discharge 0 ening at the lower end of said chamber, a horizontal disk of materiall less diameter than the diameter of said 0 amber mounted within said chamber above said impurity discharge opening to prevent the suction of the whirling gases reaching the impurities deposited in said chamber.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my hand... I

ALFRED STEINBART. 

